Basic Fire Safety Rules 1. Remain calm and do not panic. 2. Immediately report the fire to the emergency services by calling 101. 3. If a fire occurs in a building, evacuate using the nearest exit. 4. Do not use elevators. 5. If you find yourself in a smoke-filled room, stay low to avoid inhaling smoke. 6. Do not return to the building until you have received permission from the firefighters.

The Ministry of Emergency Situations announces

It is very important for children to remember these rules.

If in dIf a fire breaks out and there are no adults nearby, you should: Stay calm. Try to think clearly and avoid panic. Attempt to call emergency services at 101. If possible, leave the room where the fire is and move to a safe location. If you cannot exit, close the door and seal any gaps to prevent smoke from entering. Use a wet cloth or clothing to cover your mouth and nose to protect against smoke. Signal your location using any available means, such as a window.

1. Do not panic, try to remain calm and attentive.
2. Call the fire service at phone number 01. Provide your last name, exact address, floor, and specify what is burning and where.
3. If possible, inform the neighbors about the fire.
4. A small fire can be extinguished using improvised means if there is no fire extinguisher in the house: besides water, which needs to be collected in a container, a wet cloth (sheets, towel), a thick blanket, as well as sand and soil, if they are available in the house.
5. Do not attempt to extinguish a strong fire on your own; try to leave the premises as quickly as possible.
6. One should not hide under the bed, in closets, or in the bathroom; one must try to leave the apartment.
7. Smoke is no less dangerous than fire. If there is smoke in the room, you should cover your nose and mouth with a wet cloth or scarf, lie down on the floor, and crawl towards the exit – there is less smoke near the ground.
8. If a fire occurs in a household electrical appliance, you should try to unplug it from the socket or disconnect the power at the electrical panel.
9. If the television catches fire, it must be disconnected from the power supply and covered with a dense fabric. If it continues to burn, you can try to pour water through the hole in the back panel, but for safety reasons, you should stand to the side, as the screen may explode.
10. If one of the rooms is engulfed in fire, it is necessary to tightly close the door of the burning room and try to seal the door with cloths soaked in water at the gaps to prevent smoke from entering.
11. If the neighboring apartment is on fire, and there is fire in the hallway and on the staircase landing, and there is no way to exit through the stairs to the street, it is necessary to seal the entrance door to the apartment and pour water on it until the fire brigade arrives.
12. If you have to pass through a room engulfed in flames, you should douse yourself with water, wet a blanket or cover, wrap yourself in it, take a breath, try to hold your breath, and quickly navigate through the dangerous area.
13. If it is not possible to escape from a burning apartment, you should go out onto the balcony, securely closing the door behind you. It is advisable not to descend from the balcony using sheets or ropes, as this is very dangerous.
14. During a fire in the stairwell, the elevator may shut down, so it must not be used under any circumstances.

If a person's clothing is on fire:

1. If your clothing is on fire, do not attempt to run under any circumstances; the fire will intensify further.
2. It is necessary to quickly remove burning clothing and try to extinguish the flames – drop to the ground and roll, if there is a puddle or snowdrift nearby – fall into them.
3. If you are indoors, you can drape a thick fabric (a blanket, a cover, a coat) over yourself, but keep your head uncovered to avoid suffocation from smoke.
4. Do not remove clothing from burned areas of the body on your own before the arrival of doctors!

First aid for burns:

1. Apply a damp and cold cloth to the burn area, if available.
2. sterile bandage, wipes (usually available in first aid kits for drivers), can be moistened with cold water on the affected area.
3. Do not remove clothing from the affected areas, do not apply oils or ointments to the burn, and wait for the arrival of emergency assistance.

Fire safety regulations in the forest:

1. It is prohibited to light fires in hot, dry, and windy weather.
2. Fires should be lit in designated areas specifically intended for this purpose.
3. It is advisable to have water and branches for extinguishing the fire near the campfire site in case the flames spread.
4. It is not recommended to light fires near trees – it is unsafe and may lead to the death of the trees.
5. If a fire breaks out in the forest, the main priority is to prevent the fire from spreading. If it is not possible to extinguish the fire using your own means, it is essential to urgently report the fire to the fire service at the number "01".
6. When extinguishing fires with your own resources, you can use, in addition to water, the method of "lapping the fire at the edge of the blaze"; for this, green branches are suitable, and you can cover the edge of the fire with soil to block the access of air and cool the burning materials.

What are the causes of fires?

Before discussing the fire safety rules that should be taught to children in school, let us talk about the most common causes of fires. As you understand, they occur not only because children play with matches. There are many causes of ignition, and the main ones include:

• Violation of the rules for the operation of electrical appliances.
• Use of electrical appliances and sockets even with minor defects.
• Using several high-power electrical appliances simultaneously.
• Careless handling of fire (lighting bonfires, using flammable substances to ignite them, etc.).
• Forgotten switched-on electrical appliances.
• Careless handling of flammable toys (firecrackers, party poppers, etc.).
• Use of aerosols and other pressurized containers near fire (mosquito aerosol near the campfire).
• An unextinguished cigarette butt.

And these are far from all the reasons why fires occur, claiming human lives. According to statistics, over 90% of fires are caused by human negligence, which is why all of us – not just students – must study and remember fire safety rules. Students are required to repeat them year after year, and teachers need to monitor this.

Students of primary classes must know: what a fire is, its causes, the phone number of the fire service and the Ministry of Emergency Situations. Schoolchildren should be able to: use electrical appliances, extinguish fires, and lead children out of a room where a fire has occurred.

Fire safety for elementary school students consists of the following simple rules:

1. Do not touch the matches.
2. It is prohibited to play near open flames and heated objects.
3. It is prohibited to dry clothes near them.
4. It is not permitted to light fires without adults present.
5. One must not forget about the switched-on electrical appliances.
6. In case of fire, immediately inform adults.

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